Abana n’abuzukuru bakomoka ku bahoze ari ba rushimusi, bavuga ko nubwo ba se naba sekuru baranzwe n’amateka mabi yo kwanginza pariki y’ibirunga, bo bahinduye amateka aho bazwi mu gusigasira iyi pariki.
Abo amateka agaragaza ko basigaye inyuma hamwe n’abandi baturage batandukanye nibo bari bamenyereye gushimuta inyamaswa, kwangiza ibimera kubera ko batahingaga niko kari akazi kabo ka buri munsi , Ibi bigakorwa n’abagabo noneho abagore babo bakabatwaza inyamaswa bamaze kwica. Ikindi izo nyamaswa bashimutaga nizo zari zibatunze arizo baryaga bakazigurisha, usibye kubumba no guhiga izo nyamaswa mu mashyamba nta wundi murimo bagiraga nk’uko nabo bari barabikomoye ku bakurambere babo.
Ibi bikorwa byarakomeje kuva iyi Pariki yakwemezwa bwa mbere mu mwaka w’1925. Mu mwaka w’1958-1980, ibikorwa biyangiza, byagize umuvuduko udasanzwe, bigabanya n’umubare w’ingagi muri icyo gihe zabaga muri Pariki yose, aho zavuye kuri 450 zigera kuri 250.
Mu mwaka w’1929, pariki y’ibirunga yakoraga ku gice cy’u Rwanda na Kongo Mu gihe cy’Abakoloni b’Ababirigi, bamaze kuyagurira ku ubuso bwa Km² 8090 bayihaye izina rya Parc National Albert.
Iyo pariki kuyicunga kw’abakoloni bishingiye ku kuba bari bamaze kubona ko urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo muri iyi Pariki ruhishe ubukungu bwinshi, ni bwo mu mwaka w’1960 ari icyahoze “Zaïre” yabonaga ubwigenge, ndetse n’u Rwanda rukaza kububona mu w’1962, Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga yari ihuriweho n’ibyo bihugu byombi yaje gucikamo ibice bibiri, buri gihugu gitangira kubungabunga uruhande rwacyo.
Iyo usuye Intara y’Amajyaruguru by’umwihariko igice cy’Ibirunga mu Kinigi mu Karere ka Musanze, unyura ku kigo cyitwa ’Iby’iwacu Cultural Village’ cyigisha ba mukerarugendo amateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere.
‘Iby’iwacu Cultural Village’ ni ikigo cyashinzwe na Edouin Sabuhoro wasuye Pariki y’Ibirunga akibonera n’amaso ukuntu inyamanswa zibarizwayo zugarijwe na ba rushimusi.
Amaze gukora ubushakashatsi, yakoranyije abahigi baturiye Pariki baraganira bemeranya gushyira hamwe bagakora ikigo kizabafasha kwibeshaho no gutungwa n’imirimo y’amaboko yabo. Ni ikigo cyashinzwe mu 2006, abahoze ari barushimusi bahabwa amahugurwa yo gusobanura neza amateka y’Igihugu ndetse bahabwamo akazi.
Ni ikigo kirimo abahoze ari ba rushimusi b’inyamanswa zo muri Pariki y’Ibirunga ndetse n’ababakomotseho kuko ari igikorwa cy’abaye mu myaka myinshi yatambutse, hari abahoze muri iyi mirimo bapfuye, ariko hagahurizwamo ababakomokaho, yaba abana cyangwa abuzukuru, kugira ngo bafatanyirize hamwe kwigishwa ibijyanye n’amateka y’u Rwanda, baganiriza ba mukerarugendo baba bagiye kurira cyangwa bamanutse Ibirunga.
Uko abakomoka kuri ba rushimusi baje….
Bamwe muri aba bakomoka ku bahoze ari ba rushimusi baganiye na Ubumwe.com bagaragaje ko byari ngombwa kuko hari amateka mabi yaranze abo bakomokaho nk’abagize uruhare mu kwangiza Pariki, noneho bagahurizwa hamwe mu kugira uruhare mu kuyibungabunga.
Aba bavuga ko baje bashakisha abakomotse kuri abo bagabo bashimutaga, bakabahuriza hamwe mu makoperative. Mukandayisenga Drocelle, ufite imyaka 35, nawe ubarizwa muri imwe mu makoperative ikorera muri iki kigo yagaragaje uko yaje muri iki kigo ubu amazemo imyaka 10.
Mu magambo ye yagize ati” Ba data nibo bajyaga gushimuta, ba mama bakabizana. Twebwe turi abana baba rushimusi. Bazaga bashaka bati umwana wa kanaka wari umuhigi, ukaza, ni uko twisanze hano.”
Uwineza Jeannette, we umaze imyaka 4, muri iki kigo, yavuze ko we ari umwuzukuru w’uwahose ari rushimusi kuko byahereye kuri sekuru, na se akaza kuyoboka umwuga, akaba ari muri ubwo buryo nawe yaje kwisanga muri iki kigo nubwo bombi batakiriho.
Mu magambo ye yagize ati” Sogokuru yari umushimusi ni uko na papa aza amugwa mu ntege, bose ntabwo bakiriho, ariko baje bashaka umwana ubakomokaho, ni uko ndaboneka ni uko kwisanga ahangaha.”
Bahamya ko intera bagezeho ishimishije
Ababa muri iyi koperative ihuriyemo abana bakomoka kubahoze ari barushimusi, bahamya ko imibereho yabo yahindutse bigaragara, binyuze mu bikorwa byiza byo kubungabunga no kwitaho pariki, mu gihe ababyeyi babo baranzwe n’amateka mabi yo gushimuta inyamaswa, kandi ntibigire iterambere bibagezaho, baba bo ubwabo cyangwa ababakomokaho.
Bakora ubukorikori bunyuranye bugaragaza umuco nyarwanda hanyuma bakabizana mu ’Ibyiwacu Cultural Village’ maze ba mukerarugendo baza gusura ingagi bakabigura.
Uwineza Jeannette yagize ati” Ubu ndi kuhamara imyaka 4. Ntaraza ahangaha ntabwo barumuna banjye bajyaga ku ishuri kuko nta bushobozi twari dufite. No kurya ubwabyo byari ikibazo. Ariko hano iyo twahembwe menya uko mpaha ibyo kurya ndetse n’asigaye bakayajyana ku ishuri. Mbese byanfashije kuzamura barumuna banjye.”
Nyirabakunzi Jeanne D’arc ufite imyaka 21 nawe umaze imyaka 4 muri iki kigo avuga ko sekuru na se umubyara bombi bari ba rushimusi ariko batakinariho, yagaragaje ko kuba muri iyi koperative bibafitiye akamaro.
Mu magambo ye yagize ati” Kuba hano byaranyunguye cyane. Mbere nta kintu na kimwe nabashaka kwikorera, ikintu cyose nagisabaga ababyeyi, ariko aho bigeze aha ngaha ibintu byose nshaka ndabyibonera. Nanjye sogokuru na papa bose bari ba rushimusi ariko bose ntabwo bakiriho.”
Murekatete Florida, we umaze imyaka 9 muri iki kigo, yagaragaje ko bibafitiye akamaro kanini cyane, ndetse mubafashe inkingo za Covid-19, baje ku mwanya wa mbere kugira ngo bitabakoma mu nkokora ahubwo bakomeze imirimo yabo mu gihe bari bamaze kwemerera ubukerarugendo kwongera gukora.
Ibi kandi byagarustweho na Uwingeri Prosper, Umuyobozi wa Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga aho yagaragaje ko bafite amakoperative atandukanye abafasha mu kubungabunga no kubyaza inyungu iyi pariki, yaba ku bahoze ari ba rushimusi ubwabo, cyangwa ababakomokaho.
Mu magambo ye yagize ati” Dufite amakoperative arenga 40 arimo abantu barenga 5000. Ni amakoperative adufasha mu mirimo itandukanye yo kubungabunga parike neza ikavamo inyungu.”
Mu byo abakozi b’iki kigo bereka ba mukerarugendo harimo inyubako igaragaza amateka y’urugo rw’umwami, ibikorwa by’ubucuzi, uko aba kera bengaga urwagwa, uko basyaga, uko baterekaga bakanacunda amata n’ibindi byinshi.
Uko isaranganya ry’inyungu rikorwa
Igihe gahunda yo gusaranganya inyungu ukomoka ku bukerarugendo, abaturage bo mu mirenge 12 ikora kuri Pariki y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga bagenerwaga inyungu y’amafaranga angana na 5% buri mwaka, kuri ubu ayo mafaranga yarongerewe, agera ku 10%.
Izo nyungu zikomoka ku bukerarugendo zikora; ibikorwa remezo hari ukubaka, amavuriro, amazu meza, amashuli, amashanyarazi, amazi, no gutera inkunga imishinga y’amakoperative akora ubuhinzi, ubworozi, n’ubukorikori.
Ibikorwa remezo byihariye 67%, imishinga y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi yo ikiharira 25%, igice gisigaye cyakoreshejwe mu gutunganya urukuta n’Umusingi bikumira inyamaswa zonera abaturage no gushyigikira Ikigega gishinzwe indishyi ku byangizwa n’inyamaswa za Pariki.
Pariki y’Ibirunga, iherereye mu Majyaruguru y’u Rwanda, yemejwe ubwa mbere mu mwaka w’1925, cyari igice gikora ku birunga bya Kalisimbi, Mikeno, ni nayo pariki nkuru y’Igihugu yashinzwe bwa mbere ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Kuri ubu Pariki y’Ibirunga yose ikora ku bihugu by’u Rwanda, Uganda na Kongo, ibarizwamo ingagi zo mu misozi miremire zirenga gato 1000. Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN) ushyira izi nyamaswa mu zishobora gucika ku isi mu gihe zaba zititaweho mu buryo buhagije.
Mukazayire Youyou
