Toni 8.500 z’imiti ya antibiyotike iboneka mu nkari zacu zanduza imigezi buri mwaka

Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubigaragaza, hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’imiti ya Antibiyotike ikoreshwa ku isi yose isohoka mu mubiri w’umuntu ikajya mu migezi, igatera umwanda. Uyu mwanda wiyongera kandi ku wundi uva mu miti itangwa mu bworozi bw’amatungo hamwe n’uw’ibisigazwa by’inganda zikora iyo miti (nk’uko bivugwa n’ishuri rya McGill).

Nubwo ikoreshwa ry’imiti yica udukoko ritiyongereye cyane hagati ya 2022 na 2023 mu buvuzi bwo hanze y’amavuriro (médecine de ville), u Bufaransa bwagumye ku mwanya wa 5 mu bihugu by’i Burayi bikoresha iyo miti cyane (nk’uko Santé publique France yabivuze mu kwezi kw’Ugushyingo 2024).

Uko tugenda dukoresha iyo miti ya antibiyotike rero, ubwiyongere bwo kuyikoresha bugira ingaruka nyinshi ku bidukikije, kandi izo ngaruka natwe zikatugeraho kubera iyangirika ry’ibidukikije nyine.

Iyo miti yangiza ibidukikije, ahanini  ikomoka ahantu 3:

1. Inganda zikora iyo miti,
2. Amatungo ahabwa iyo miti, rimwe na rimwe kugira ngo akure vuba, ibizwi nko gutubura cyangwa kongera ingano y’amatungo haba mu bwinshi cyangwa se mu bunini
3. Inkari z’abantu baba bayinyweye, aho iyo miti isohokera.

Ibigo bisukura amazi ntibishobora kuyikuramo neza

Ubushakashatsi bushya bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru PNAS Nexus bugaragaza neza uko iyo miti yanduza imigezi ku rwego mpuzamahanga (ubushakashatsi bwa H. Ehalt Macedo et al., 2025).

Abashakashatsi bakoze urugero rw’ibipimo bifatiwe ku migezi hafi 900 ku isi, basanga toni 8.500 z’imiti ya antibiyotike zigeramo buri mwaka. Ibi bigaragara kandi  no mu mazi yabanje kunyura mu bigo biyasukura.

Muri iyo miti, amoxicilline niyo iboneka cyane kandi igira ingaruka nyinshi, cyane cyane mu Majyepfo y’Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, aho ikoreshwa ryayo ryiyongera ariko n’isukurwa  ry’amazi yanduye ikaba idakorwa neza.

Ingaruka ku buzima n’ibidukikije

Nk’uko Heloisa Ehalt Macedo, umushakashatsi mukuru yabivuze, agira ati nubwo iyo miti iba ku rugero ruto cyane ku buryo kuyipima bigorana, ikibazo kinini ni ukuntu ishyira umutwaro ku bidukikije bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abantu n’ubuzima bwo mu mazi.

Hakenewe igenzura no gukurikirana mu bice biri mu kaga

Abashakashatsi bo mu gihugu cya Canada bavuga ko hakenewe gushyiraho gahunda yo gukurikirana ahakunze kugaragara iyo miti, n’iyindi myanda ikomoka ku nganda z’ubutabire. Ibi byakorwa cyane cyane mu turere ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko dushobora kwibasirwa cyane.

Prof. Bernhard Lehner, umwarimu muri hydrologie muri McGill, avuga ko iyi nyigo itagamije gutera abantu ubwoba ku bijyanye n’imikoreshereze y’iyo miti, ahubwo ko igamije kugaragaza ko dukeneye uburyo bwo gukumira no kugabanya ingaruka zayo ku bidukikije no ku buzima.

Titi Leopold