Ku wa 30 Mutarama 1944, i Brazzaville ho muri Congo hatangiye inama y’abayobozi b’Abafaransa, igamije gukuraho ubukoloni mu bihugu bigaruriye. Kuri iyi tariki mu mateka kandi, Abayahudi batangiye kwicwa hirya no hino mu Burayi (1939), umwami w’Ubwongereza Charles wa I yakatiwe urwo gupfa, naho Umuryango w’Abibumbye usaba Afrika y’Epfo kureka politiki ya Apartheid yavanguraga abazungu n’abirabura.
Ibyaranze itariki ya 30 Mutarama mu buryo burambuye:
1649: Umwami w’Ubwongereza Charles wa I Stuart yakatiwe urwo gupfa ahitwa Whitehall mu Bwongereza afite imyaka 49 y’amavuko. Ku ngoma ye, uyu mwami yari yarakomeje guhangana n’abagize inteko ishinga amategeko bari biganjemo abo mu muryango wa cyami ariko baturuka mu biturage. Aba bamushinjaga kuyobora wenyine atabagishije inama, akishyiriraho imisoro uko ashatse, kandi agashyira imbere cyane abepisikopi b’abangirikani. Mu gihe bamugezaga imbere y’urukiko, Charles I Stuart yahagaze ku byo bamushinja avuga ko ntacyo yahindura, bituma bamukatira urwo gupfa. Aha ni ho hakomotse ubwami bw’Ubwongereza buyoborana na guverinoma n’inteko ishinga amategeko.
1735: Ikirwa cya Corse cyatangaje ubwigenge bwacyo.
1835: Uwitwa Richard Lawrence yarashe amasasu abiri ahusha umukuru wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika Andrew Jackson wari uriho icyo gihe. Richard Lawrence yarashe uyu mu muyobozi ashaka kumwica Imana ikinga ukubuko.
1862: Hatangiye intambara yiswe Guerre de Secéssion yahanganishije Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zari ziyobowe na Abraham Lincoln, na Leta 11 zo mu majyepfo zari ziyobowe na Jefferson Davis zari zaranze kuziyomekaho. I New York, ni ho hahagurutse ubwato bw’intambara bwa mbere USS Monitor, ubu bukaba bwari ubw’ingabo za Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zirwanira mu mazi.
1865: Inteko ishinga amategeko ihuriweho na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yatoye itegeko rica ubucakara muri Leta zose ziyigize. Iri tegeko ryemeje ku mugaragaro iteka rya Perezida Abraham Lincoln rikuraho ubucakara yari yashyize ahagaragara tariki ya 22 Nzeli 1862.
1875: Ubufaransa bwasezereye ubwami. Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Ubufaransa yatoye 100% ko Ubufaransa buyoborwa n’umukuru w’igihugu (Perezida), uzajya utorwa n’inteko ishinga amategeko, icyumba cya sena n’icyumba cy’abadepite. Igihe cyo kuyobora cyabaye imyaka 7, perezida akaba ashobora nkongera kwiyamamaza inshuro imwe.
1880: Hafunguwe inzira ya gari ya moshi ya mbere, ihuza Montréal na Longueuil (Canada). Iyi nzira yakomeje gukoreshwa kugeza mu 1883.
1933: Adolf Hitler yagizwe ukuriye guverinoma na Perezida w’Ubudage Paul Von Hindenburg.
1939: Hatangiye iyicwa ry’Abayahudi bo ku mugabane w’Uburayi. Ni nyuma y’ijambo Adolf Hitler yagejeje ku nteko ishinga amategeko y’Ubudage, abashishikariza kwemeza iri yicwa ry’Abayahudi. Adolf Hitler ni we wateguye akanashishikariza abanazi gukorera jenoside Abayahudi mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi yose.
1941: Ingabo z’Abongereza zari ziyobowe na jenerali Wavell zafashe umujyi wa Derna wo mu Misiri, wari uri mu maboko y’ingabo z’Abataliyani.
1948: Mahatma Ghandi waharaniye kubohorwa kw’igihugu cy’Ubuhinde akoresheje inzira y’amahoro yishwe n’umuhindu, ahitwa New Delhi.
1957: Inteko rusange y’umuryango w’Abibumbye yasabye Afurika y’epfo kureka politiki yayo y’ivangura ya Apartheid. Iyi politiki yavanguraga Abanyafurika y’epfo b’abirabura n’ab’abazungu.
1979: Umubare munini w’abazungu (85%) bo muri Rhodésie batoye itegeko nshinga riha ubwenegihugu abantu bose ritavangura ibara ry’uruhu.
1992: Igihugu cya Argentine cyatangiye kuburanisha imanza z’abanazi bari barahungiye ku butaka bwacyo.
2015: Robert Mugabe wayoboraga Zimbabwe yatorewe kuyobora Afurika yunze ubumwe.
Ibyamamare byavutse kuri iyi tariki
1974: Christian Bale, umukinnyi wa filime w’umwongereza.
1975: Juninho Pernambucano, umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wo muri Brezil.
1989: Franck Tabanou, umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru wo mu Bufaransa.
1991: Jordan Aboudou, umufaransa ukina umukino w’amaboko wa Basket.
1992: Misaki Iwasa, umuririmbyi w’umuyapanikazi.
1994: Filip Peliwo, umukinnyi wa tennis wo muri Canada.
1995: Jack Laugher, umwongereza ukina umukinnyi wo koga.
1996: Floriane Gnafoua, umufaransakazi ukina imikino yo gusiganwa.
Umutagatifu Kiliziya Gatolika yizihiza uyu munsi:
Mutagatifu Yasinta ari we Klarisa wa Mariskoti (1585-1640)
Giacinta, ari we Yasinta, yavukiye mu karere ka Viterbe ho mu Butaliyani mu mwaka w’1585, akaba umukobwa wa Marscotti na Ottavia Orsini. Yabatijwe izina rya Klarisa.
Mu buto bwe yari umwana ufite ubwitonzi n’imico myiza. Akurana uburanga butangaje, kandi yaje kuba nk’abandi bose, atwarwa n’amaraha. Ababyeyi be bamwohereje kwiga mu kigo cy’ababikira ba Mutagatifu Fransisiko aho mukuru we yari yarabaye umubikira. Agejeje imyaka 20 yakunze cyane umusore wo mu muryango ukomeye witwaga Kasizuci, maze ababyeyi be bahitamo kumushyingira murumuna wa Klarisa witwaga Hortanse. Ibyo byatumye Klarisa ababara cyane, ise amugira inama akomeje, amusaba kujya kwiha Imana, asubira muri cya kigo cy’ababikira b’ababerinaridina. Klarisa yaremeye ajyayo, ariko ategeka ko aba mu cyumba cyiza cyane.
Mu mibereho ye y’ububikira, Klarisa yakundaga ibintu bihenze no kwishimisha. Yaje gupfusha abantu benshi bo mu muryango we agahora mu biriyo. Nawe ubwe aza kurwara ageza igihe batumaho Padiri ngo amusige nk’umurwayi. Padiri ahageze yanze kwinjira mu cyumba cye kuko yavuze ko kidakwiriye umubikira. Uburwayi bwe bwagiye bwiyongera, maze wa mupadiri aragaruka, abwira Klarisa ko uko kwibera mu maraha bigusha ababikira bagenzi be.
Aratekereza asanga yitwara nabi, maze yifuza guhinduka. Ni ko gufata icyemezo yirega ibyaha bye mu ruhame, ababikira bose bo muri icyo kigo bateranye, yiyambura imyambaro ye yari yihangishijeho kwambara itari iy’ababikira, maze yambara imyambaro ishaje, atangira kugendesha ibirenge nta nkweto, no kwibabaza mu buzima bwe.
Nyuma yaho ni bwo yashinze imiryango ifasha abakene, irimo n’uwitwa “Oblates de Marie”. Tugenekereje ni Ababikira biyeguriye Bikira Mariya, bari bafite umugambi wo gufasha abakene, gutabara abarwayi, n’imfungwa, bagasabiriza kugira ngo batunge abababaye. Yashinze n’ibindi bigo bizajya byakira abasaza n’abakecuru bakuze cyane kandi badafite ubitaho ntibagire n’umutungo.
Olive UWERA
