Ubutayu bwa Sahara nibwo butayu bunini ku isi, kandi niho hantu ku isi hashyuha cyane. Bufata hafi igice cyose cya Afurika y’Amajyaruguru, kuko bungana na kirometerokare miliyoni 8,5 kandi ubwo buso buri kugenda bwiyongera.
Nyamara nubwo aho hantu ari ubutayu bwambaye ubusa, watangara wumvise ko bufumbira bimwe mu bice bikomeye kandi byuzuyemo ibimera ku isi, birimo ishyamba ry’inzitane rya Amazoni. Ubwo buryo bwiswe ibirundo by’umukungugu wa Sahara muri Amazone (Saharan dust deposition in Amazonia SDDA) bwizwe bunacukumburwa ibinyacumi by’imyaka.
Mu by’ukuri, umucanga wa Sahara ubasha kugenda hejuru y’inyanja ya Atalantika intera ingana na km 6000 kugira ngo ugere mu ishyamba rya Amazone rizwi nk’ibihaha by’icyatsi by’iyi si dutuye (poumon vert de la planete) riherereye muri Amerika y’Amajyepfo.
Iyo nkuru itangaje yashyizwe hanze na NASA (ikigo cy’abanyamerika cy’ubushakashatsi mu isanzure) nyuma yo kuyikorera ubucukumbuzi n’inyigo byimbitse, mbere yo kuyitangariza isi yose. Nyuma y’ibimenyetso bifatika , cyerekanye isano ya hafi iri hagati y’ubutayu bwa Sahara n’ishyamba ry’inzitane rya Amazone,nubwo hari intera ndende hagati y’ibyo bice byombi. Ibyo byerekanwe hagati y’umwaka wa 2007 ndetse na 2013, nubwo iyo sano yari yaravumbuwe n’abahanga b’abashakashatsi mu myaka myinshi yatambutse.
IKINYABUTABIRE CYA PHOSPHORE KIVA MURI SAHARA KIGAFUMBIRA IBIMERA BYA AMAZONE
Impuguke mu bumenyi, zemeza ko nibura Toni 182000 z’umukungugu zambuka inyanja ya Atlantika, zikagera muri Amerika zivuye muri Sahara. Ingano ya Toni miliyoni 27,7 z’umucanga zifata icyerekezo cy’umurambi wa Amazoni buri mwaka,zitwaye ikinyabutabire cya Phosphore gifitiye ibimera akamro kanini cyane, nk’uko abashakashatsi bo muri Kaminuza ya Maryland muri Reta zunze ubumwe za Amerika babitangaje. Hanyuma rero Toni zirenga 22.000 za Phosphore nizo zijya muri iryo shyamba. Iyo ngano rero, abahanga bavuga ko ihagije mu kuba yaziba icyuho cy’ifumbire ishyamba rya Amazone riba ryataye mu gihe cy’imvura nyinshi itera isuri iza igakukumba ibyagatunze ibimera byaho. Inyigo igaragaza ko 56 % bya Phosphore iri shyamba rikoresha, iva muri Sahara.
Umucanga ukungahayemo icyo kinyabutabire, uturuka cyane cyane mu gace kazwi ku izina rya Bodele, gaherereye mu majyepfo yo hagati ya Sahara, mu majyaruguru y’igihugu cya Tchad. Igice kinini cy’umukungugu kizamuka mu kirere, mu gihe zigera kuri 43 zindi zijya mu Nyanja ya Karayibe. Ayo makuru yose yatanzwe n’icyogajuru cyitwa Kalipso, maze ikigo cya NASA gitangaza ubwo bushakashatsi mu nyandiko yacyo cyanditse cyerekana iryo kusanyamakuru.
Igitangaje muri ubu bushakashatsi, ni uko iyo imvura iguye muri Sahara, umukungugu ujya muri Amazone uragabanuka. Bishatse kuvuga ngo ubutayu bwa Sahara buramutse butumaganye uko bumeze ahubwo bukagira ubuhehere, Phosphore ijya muri Amazoni yaba nkeya, maze ugasanga ishyamba ribigiriyemo ibibazo. Ni aka ya mvugo ngo ibyago bya bamwe ni umugisha ku bandi.
Mu mwaka wa 2020, ibicu by’umucanga byagize akamaro cyane kurusha mbere, mu bice bya Karayibe ndetse no mu majyaruguru y’umugabane wa Amerika y’epfo. Abahanga babonye ko ibyo bicu by’umucanga byiswe Godzilla byateye ikibazo ku mwuka waho, ibintu abahanga bavuga ko bitigeze bibaho mu myaka 50 yashize nkuko byasobanuwe na Sidney Novoa umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ikigo kirinda kikanabungabunga Amazone.
Nyamara nubwo bimeze bityo usanga iyo misozi isangira umwe ugaha undi, ikiremwamuntu nticyoroheye kuko ishyamba kirigeze aharindimuka. Ngaho gutema ibiti bashaka imbaho, ngaho kurimbura ibiti bashakamo amabuye y’agaciro, ngaho gutema ibiti bashaka aho bahinga n’ibindi n’ibindi. Ngayo nguko, uko umusozi utunga undi ubuzima bugakomeza,ibintu bikaba magirirane
Mureke tubungabunge amashyamba kuko adufatiye runini nyamuneka. Umunyarwanda we yabivuze neza ngo nutema kimwe jya utera babiri, banyarwanda nimwumve akamaro k’igiti.
src; Actu Latino
Titi Leopold
