Indwara y’imvura cyangwa Mildiou mu ndimi z’amahanga, ni indwara ihangayikisha cyane abahinzi b’ibirayi, kuko iyo umuhinzi adateye ibirayi imiti yabugenewe ibirinda iyo ndwara, ahura n’igihombo kiri hagati ya 60 na 70% by’umusaruro yari ategereje, ariko ubu bakaba biruhukije nyuma yo kwibonera imbuto idakenera guterwa uwo muti unabahenda.
Abatubuzi b’imbuto nziza z’ibirayi bo hirya no hino mu gihugu, beretswe aho izo mbuto zongerewe ubudahangarwa zageragerejwe i Musanze, ari zo Victoria na Ndamira, ndetse banasobanurirwa urugendo rwakonzwe ngo ziboneke. Bashimiye cyane Ikigo cy’Igihugu cyita ku Buhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB) n’abafatanyabikorwa bacyo, ku bw’iyo ntambwe ikomeye, igiye gutuma bahinga nta mpungenge.
Umwe mu bishimiye iki gikorwa ni Nzabarinda Isaac, umuhinzi akaba n’umutubuzi w’imbuto nziza z’ibirayi mu Murenge wa Kinigi mu Karere ka Musanze, uvuga ko izi mbuto zije kubaruhura umutwaro wabavunaga.
Ati “Ibyo niboneye ni igitangaza! Imbuto ya Victoria yongerewe ubudahangarwa itaratewe umuti nabonye imeze neza, ifite n’uruti rufatika bivuze ko no munsi ibiriyi ari byinshi. Mu gihe itongerewe ubudahangarwa twabonye ko isa n’iyarimbutse burundu, mbese nta musaruro na busa kuko isaba guterwa umuti kenshi. Nk’abahinzi rero ni inkuru nziza kuri twebwe, turuhutse umutwaro, kuko imiti dutera mu birayi nibura inshuro ebyiri (2) mu cyumweru iraduhombya cyane, none ubu tugiye gutandukana na yo”.
Ati “Imbuto ya Victoria twarayikundaga cyane ariko twari twarayivuyeho kubera kwangizwa n’indwara y’imvura, kuko nubwo waba wateye umuti uyu munsi, imvura ikarara igwa bucya wongera gutera undi muti. RAB rero idukoreye agashya, ni igitangaza kuri twebwe, ahubwo igire vuba iduhe iyo mbuto natwe bidatinze tuyigeze ku bahinzi dukorana, mbese bitegure guhinga bazi ko bazunguka kuko nta ya miti irwanya indwara y’imvura bazongera kugura”.
Nzabarinda avuga ko hari igihe yigeze ahinga ibirayi, maze hagwa imvura idasanzwe, atera imiti birananirana bituma ahomba Miliyoni 8Frw, none ubu ngo atandukanye n’igihombo.
Mujawimana Nathalie, Agronome wa Caritas Byumba, ukorana n’umushinga Kungahara mu gutubura imbuto y’ibirayi baha abahinzi mu Karere ka Rulindo, avuga ko indwara y’imvura ari yo mbogamizi ikomeye abahinzi bahorana.
Ati “Kubona imbuto y’ibirayi idasaba guterwa imiti irwanya indwara y’imvura, ni ikintu kidasanzwe, ndishimye cyane. Twirebeye mu murima aho bayihinze, igaragara neza, ifite uruti rukomeye bivuze ko n’ibirayi biba biriho byinshi. Si twe tuzabona umunsi ugeze ngo baduhe izi mbuto natwe dutubure duhe abahinzi, mbese tuzitegerezanyije amatsiko, kuko zizatuma umuhinzi ashora bike akunguka byinshi”.
Ati “Ndashimira Leta y’u Rwanda iba yatekereje ku bahinzi, urugendo abashakashatsi bakoze ni rurerure ariko ibyo bagezeho ni inkuru nziza. Indwara y’imvura yari yaratuzengereje none iyi mbuto ije kudutabara, ubu ngiye kubwira abahinzi ngo babe bateganya imirima bazahingaho iyo mbuto, izasange twiteguye”.
Dr Anastase Nduwayezu, umukozi wa RAB ushinzwe ubushakashatsi ku birayi no kugeza imbuto ku bahinzi, avuga ko ubushakashatsi bugenda bugana ku musozo, ku buryo vuba aha imbuto igera ku bahinzi.
Ati “Abaturage bagaragaje ko bashimye iyi mbuto izajya yera badateye umuti. Ubushakashatsi turimo kuburangiza, ubu turimo gutubura imbuto ku buryo duteganya ko mu kwezi kwa cyenda cyangwa kwa cumi uyu mwaka, imbuto izaba yageze ku baturage. Tuzahera ku batubuzi b’imbuto nziza bake twahisemo, bityo na bo bazadufashe kuyigeza ku bandi bahinzi”.
Dr Nduwayezu avuga ko imbuto z’ibirayi zongerewe ubudahangarwa, zizagera ku bahinzi bose muri rusange bazifuza nyuma y’imyaka ibiri.
Ubugenzuzi bwashimye izi mbuto
Umutoni Teddy, umwanditsi w’amoko y’imbuto zihingwa mu Rwanda mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubugenzuzi bw’Ubuziranenge, ihiganwa mu bucuruzi no kurengera umuguzi (RICA), na we wigereye ahakorewe ubu bushakashatsi, avuga ko imbuto yabonye nta kabuza zigiye kwandikwa.
Ati “Twiboneye ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi, abaturage na bo bishimye kubera izi mbuto zongerewe ubudahangarwa zitanga icyizere kuko zitangizwa n’indwara yimvura. Ibi rero bidutera imbaraga nka RICA zo kwandika izi mbuto kuko tuzi neza ko zizagera ku muhinzi zujuje ubuziranenge. Mu nshingano zacu rero zo kwandika imbuto ku rutonde rw’Igihugu, nakwizeza abaturage ko tugiye kubyihutisha ku buryo igihembwe cy’ihinga gitaha kizagera byarangiye izi mbuto zikagezwa ku baturage”.
Umuyobozi w’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga giteza imbere ubuhinzi bw’Ibirayi, CIP ishami ry’u Rwanda, Dr Bester Mudereri, avuga ko yishimiye ibyagezweho n’ubushakashatsi mu Rwanda, kubera izo mbuto nshya zabonetse.
Ati “Ni akazi keza kakozwe, nishimiye kuba izi mbuto zidafatwa n’indwara y’imvura zibonetse. Nirebeye mu murima aho ziri, ni ibintu bishimishije cyane kuko nka Victoria yari iri hafi gucika ariko ikoranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe ritumye yongera gutanga icyize cy’umusaruro mwiza, nka CIP rero twishimiye iki gikorwa. Icyakora akazi karacyahari, kuko twese tugomba gukurikirana kugeza imbuto zigeze ku bahinzi, kandi tugakomeza gukora ku buryo imbuto zitazigera zibura”.
Akomeza yizeza abaturage ko izi mbuto zujuje ubuziranenge, kandi ko zitezweho gutanga umusaruro mwiza.
Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko imbuto ya Victoria yongerewe ubudahangarwa itanga toni 28 kuri hegitari (impuzandengo) naho Ndamira igatanga toni 29 kuri hegitari zishobora kurenga, mu gihe izi mbuto zitongerewe ubudahangarwa, Victoria itanga toni 2 kuri hegitari naho Ndamira igatanga toni 9 kuri hegitari, aho hombi nta muti urwanya indwara y’imvura uba watewemo.
Kugira ngo izi mbuto ziboneke, hifashishijwe ubushakashatsi bwanyuze muri gahunda ya Leta yo kuvugurura imbuto biciye mu ikoranabuhanga izwi nka Rwanda AgriBiotech Program (RABP-CMP), ku bufatanye na RAB ndetse n’Ikigo nyafurika giteza imbere Ikoranabuhanga mu Buhinzi (AATF).
Gusura ubu bushakashatsi byabereye kuri Station ya RAB ya Kinigi ku wa Kane tariki 11 Kamena 2026, igikorwa cyitabiriwe n’abashakashatsi, abayobozi muri RAB ndetse n’abatubuzi b’imbuto nziza.
Jean Claude Munyantore
